{"object":"determination","schema_version":"1","vendor":"Shopify","state":"partly_evidenced","sentence":"Partly evidenced — the words this record quotes carry only part of this finding.","qualifier":"The quote names Shopify Inc., a Canadian corporation, as the entity for Canada, and Shopify Payments (USA) Inc., organized under the laws of Delaware, without saying which merchants it serves; Shopify International Limited, Shopify Commerce Singapore Pte. Ltd and every Designated Country but Canada rest on text this record does not quote. GLEIF records the entity's own reporting exception for its parent (NO_KNOWN_PERSON, read [2026-09-12]).","contracting_entity":"Shopify Inc., for Canada","jurisdiction":null,"governing_law":"Depends on the document and, for Shopify Payments, on where the merchant operates. The Shopify Terms of Service, which every merchant accepts, are governed by “the laws of the Province of Ontario and the laws of Canada applicable therein” whatever the merchant's billing region; the billing region changes the Shopify contracting party and the courts, not the law (§13 and §16, last updated 1 August 2026). The Shopify Payments Terms, which merchants using Shopify Payments also accept, are governed by the law for the customer's (the merchant's) Designated Country (Part I, Section D9; the page shows no date): Canada, “The laws of the Province of Ontario and the federal laws of Canada applicable therein”; United States, “The laws of the State of Delaware”; Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom, “The laws of Ireland”; Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, New Zealand and Singapore, “The laws of Singapore”. A security interest created under Part I, Section C2 of the Payments Terms is instead governed by “the laws of the applicable country, state, province, territory, or other jurisdiction in which such security interest is registered”. Read 22 September 2026.","conditions":["The agreement is under a governing law that depends on where the customer is based."],"us_control":{"status":"not_established","finding":"Partly evidenced — the quote names Shopify Inc., a Canadian corporation, as the entity for Canada, and Shopify Payments (USA) Inc., organized under the laws of Delaware, without saying which merchants it serves; Shopify International Limited, Shopify Commerce Singapore Pte. Ltd and every Designated Country but Canada rest on text this record does not quote","parent":null,"legal_reach":"The record does not establish US corporate control either way, so it makes no finding on US legal reach.","caveat":null,"rule":"A provider subject to US jurisdiction can be required by valid US legal process to produce data in its possession, custody or control wherever it is located (CLOUD Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2713). A US-incorporated contracting entity is subject to US jurisdiction. A non-US contracting entity under US corporate control may be within reach through that control, depending on whether the parent controls the data and on the circumstances; where that control has not been established, the entity is not thereby beyond reach.","rule_url":"/static/manifesto.html#us-reach-rule"},"evidence":{"source_url":"https://www.shopify.com/legal/terms-shopify-payments","document_title":"Shopify Payments Terms of Service - Shopify","date_read":"2026-09-16","last_rechecked":{"last_check":"unreadable","gate":"refused","date":null,"words":"clause last confirmed 17 Sep 2026; its host's terms forbid automated re-reading, so it is not re-checked"},"quote":null,"quote_carried_by":"the AI Subprocessor Jurisdiction Report ($299), which quotes the clause each finding rests on"},"not_established":["jurisdiction","us_control"]}